Perfectum deel 2 — het perfectum met zijn
A fixed group of common verbs forms the perfectum with zijn, not hebben. Most express a change of state (worden, beginnen, stoppen, gebeuren, veranderen) or are simply learned as fixed exceptions (zijn, gaan, komen, blijven). Learn these as a set.
Verbs describing a change from one state to another take zijn: beginnen (to start), stoppen (to stop/quit), gebeuren (to happen), veranderen (to change), trouwen (to marry), slagen (to pass), zakken (to fail), stijgen (to rise), dalen (to fall).
Verbs of movement (lopen, fietsen, zwemmen, rijden) take hebben when there is no destination — the focus is on the activity. They take zijn when the sentence names a destination (movement from A to B).
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