🇳🇱 Flashwords

Conjunctions

Voegwoorden

Conjunctions link clauses and sentences together. The most important rule in Dutch is that subordinating conjunctions send the verb to the very end of their clause, while coordinating conjunctions leave word order unchanged.

Coordinating conjunctions — word order stays the same

<strong>En, maar, want, of,</strong> and <strong>dus</strong> connect two main clauses. The verb in the second clause stays in second position, exactly as in a normal sentence.

Practice: Ik hou van koffie, ___ ik drink ook thee.

Show answer

maar — Maar (but) connects two contrasting main clauses. Word order after maar is normal: verb in second position.

Practice: Ze kan niet komen, ___ ze is ziek.

Show answer

want — Want (because/for) introduces a reason. The verb in the second clause stays in position 2: ze IS ziek.

Practice: Het is warm, ___ we gaan naar het strand.

Show answer

dus — Dus (so/therefore) introduces a conclusion. Word order is unchanged: we GAAN naar het strand.

Adverbial conjunctions: ook and toch

<strong>Ook</strong> (also/too) and <strong>toch</strong> (yet/still/anyway) are adverbs used as connectors. When they start a sentence they trigger inversion — the subject moves after the verb — but the verb itself stays near the front.

Practice: Ik spreek Engels. Mijn broer spreekt ___ Engels.

Show answer

ook — Ook (also) adds the same information about another person or thing. It follows the verb here: spreekt OOK.

Practice: Het regende, maar we gingen ___ naar buiten.

Show answer

toch — Toch (still/anyway) expresses that something happens despite an obstacle. Het regende, maar we gingen TOCH naar buiten.

Subordinating conjunctions — verb moves to the END

<strong>Omdat, dat,</strong> and <strong>als</strong> introduce a subordinate clause. In a subordinate clause the finite verb must go to the very end. If there is a modal verb, the infinitive comes last and the modal sits just before it.

Practice: Ik ben blij ___ jij er bent.

Show answer

dat — Dat (that) is a subordinating conjunction: the verb ER BENT moves to the end of the clause.

Practice: Ze leert Nederlands ___ ze in Amsterdam woont.

Show answer

omdat — Omdat (because) is subordinating: the verb WOONT goes to the end — ze leert Nederlands omdat ze in Amsterdam WOONT.

Practice: ___ je honger hebt, eet dan een appel.

Show answer

Als — Als (if/when) starts the subordinate clause; the verb HEBT moves to the end. When the subordinate clause comes first, the main clause inverts: EET DAN een appel.

Dutch conjunctions at a glance

ConjunctionMeaningTypeVerb positionExample
enandcoordinatingunchangedIk lees en hij schrijft.
I read and he writes.
maarbutcoordinatingunchangedHij is arm, maar hij is gelukkig.
He is poor but he is happy.
wantbecause / forcoordinatingunchangedIk eet, want ik heb honger.
I eat, because I am hungry.
ofor / whethercoordinatingunchangedWil je melk of water?
Do you want milk or water?
dusso / thereforecoordinatingunchangedZe is ziek, dus ze blijft thuis.
She is ill, so she stays home.
ookalso / tooadverbialinversion if sentence-initialHij werkt ook hier.
He also works here.
tochyet / stilladverbialinversion if sentence-initialToch ga ik mee.
Still, I am coming along.
omdatbecausesubordinatingverb to ENDIk slaap, omdat ik moe ben.
I sleep because I am tired.
datthatsubordinatingverb to ENDZe weet dat hij werkt.
She knows that he works.
alsif / whensubordinatingverb to ENDAls het mooi is, gaan we fietsen.
If it is nice, we go cycling.

Practice: Ik ga naar huis, ___ ik ben moe.

Show answer

want — Want is coordinating: the verb BEN stays in position 2. Omdat would push ben to the end.

Practice: Hij weet ___ we morgen komen.

Show answer

dat — Dat (that) is subordinating: we morgen KOMEN — verb goes to the end.

Practice: ___ ik groot ben, wil ik dokter worden.

Show answer

Als — Als (when/if) starts a subordinate clause. The verb BEN goes to the end: Als ik groot BEN. The main clause then inverts: WIL ik dokter worden.

Practice Conjunctions Quiz with Dutch conjunction cards

Practice Conjunctions for free

Flashwords uses flashcards, fill-in-the-blank quizzes, and listening exercises to make Dutch stick.

Start learning →